Power transformer elegance


A transformer is an electrical device used to transfer electrical energy between two circuits.Transformers are used to raise or lower voltages and currents in an electrical circuit. A transformer essentially consists of two coils wound around a central core. It operates on Faraday’s law of induction and implies, electrical energy can be transferred between the two coils connected to different circuits without a metallic connection between them. Depending upon the requirement it can be used to ‘step-up’ or ‘step-down’ the voltage.
 are used in transmission networks of higher voltages to step-up or step-down the voltages. They are large in size. It has 100% efficiency for heavy loads and is used for heavy loads with voltages greater than 33 KW. It is generally used is generating stations or transmission substations. Iron and copper losses occur throughout the day. The load fluctuations are minimal and are always operated at full loads. They are generally rated above 200 MVA.
 are used for distribution networks where lower voltages are required. They are smaller in size as compared to power transformers. It is designed to perform at an efficiency of 50–70%. It is designed for end user connectivity and is used in distribution stations and also industrial and domestic purposes. The load fluctuations are very high and are operated at less than full load. Iron and copper losses takes place based on the load cycle. They normally have ratings less than 200 MVA.
Electrical designs require the use of various types of transformers based on applications and can be customized as required. They are useful for transmission and distribution systems and also other electronic and electric power applications.
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